Contact Dermatitis
Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory response by the skin to an outside irritant
or allergen. Substances that cause contact dermatitis are commonly found in household
items, clothing, cosmetics, metals, and plants.
There are two types of contact dermatitis — irritant and allergic. Itching
is a common symptom of both types. The webs of the fingers and back of the hands
and forearms are common sites of contact dermatitis.
Irritant Contact Dermatitis (ICD) is the result of a substance causing
a toxic injury to the skin. After exposure to an irritant, a skin reaction can occur
immediately or after repeated exposure. Stinging and burning may accompany itching.
Examples of common irritants include household cleaners, dishwasher detergents,
ammonia, soaps, and shampoos.
Allergic Contact Dermititis (ACD) triggers an immune system response that
causes a skin allergy. Whereas irritants can quickly cause ICD with minimal exposure,
ACD usually requires more allergen over a longer period of time. It is not uncommon
for ACD to appear only after multiple exposures, but small concentrations of an
allergen can be enough to start a reaction. Examples of common allergens include
metals such as nickel, jewelry, perfume, cosmetics, hair dyes, and poisonous plants.
Neurodermatitis >
